Person-Centred Approaches to Counselling Unit Essay

The essay will evaluate the necessity and importance of the development of the core sees in the counsellingling knead and critically psychoanalyse the strengths and weaknesses of the several(prenominal)-centred approach on the direction process.The Person-Centred Approach focuses on the guests let go around authority as it is based on the leaf nodes ain experience in his or her own life here and now. It shows the customer as someone who has the readiness of fulfilling his or her own potential for swops (Mearns & Thorne, 2007)I believe that Carl Rogers Person-Centred counselling is reliable. It developed the method of enhancing the sexual intercourseship formed amidst a counsellor or healer and knob. Rogers pro causes that the development of trust and intellectual within this relationship encourages self-realization, and enables the client to ac cheatledge the problems and issues they atomic number 18 facing. This approach of encouragement and guidance, helps th e client to smelling comfortable active disclosing someoneal and private reading to the counsellor, which in turn helps the client on their transit for there solutions (Mearns & Thorne 2007).Rogers de terminal figureinaline certain core causes which he believed to be necessary if clients argon to come across progress in counselling (Rogers, 1951). It defines the counsellor qualities and attitudes which if present, will easily change the growth within the client. The roughly important of these attitudes is the counsellors ability to understand the clients livelinesss and video display observe for the client and universe congruent or genuine.The Rogerian main core conditions be Empathy, supreme exacting Regard and Congruence or genuineness, further he also listed sextette conditions in additions to these three.1. Two persons be in Psychological contact.2. The first, whom we shall term the client, is in a state of incongruence, being vulnerable or anxious. 3. The se cond person, whom we shall term the healer is congruence or integrated in the relationship. 4. The therapist experiences categorical positive see for the client. 5. The therapist experiences an empathic understanding of the clients internal vomit up of reference and endeavors to communicate this experience to the client. 6. The communication to the client of the therapists empathic understanding and unconditional positive cypher is to a minimal degree chance upond (The Carl Rogers Reader, 1990).No other(a) conditions are necessary. If the six conditions exist and continue over a period of time, this is sufficient. The process of formative personality change will follow. (The Carl Rogers Reader 1990 page 221) Unconditional positive regard According to the fourth condition, the client feels that the counsellor determine him consistently throughout their relationship, despite the fact that he whitethorn not value himself and even if the counsellor does not standardised or de light in of all the clients behavior. (An example may be A client tells the counsellor that he is thinking of leaving his wife and kids because he has just discovered he is gay). The counsellor may not alike or agree with the clients decision object lessonly because of his/her own beliefs, whether spectral or traditional. In such cases the counsellor has to show empathy, respect the client for who they are at that moment. It is in their power to take the liaison to supervision later if they wish.Carl Rogers believed that unconditional positive regard is essential for a healthy relationship to develop amongst a client and the counselor (The Carl Rogers Reader, 1990). Therefore it is conclusive that quite a little need make out, involveance, respect and warmth from others, but unfortunately these attitudes and feelings are often only condition conditionally. As a person develops he/she needs love and acceptance from important people in their environment such as parents and p eers.The someones often deals with the condition accept by others gradually to incorporate their conditions into their own views well-nigh themselves like the I am. Example like I am the sort of person who must never be late, or I am the sort of person who almodal values respects others, or I am the sort of person who al slipway keeps the house clean. Due to a fundamental need for positive regard from others, it is easier to be this sort of person so as to receive such positive feedback. Over time, the individual looses the intelligence of their own identity and their own evaluations of experience, and the individual may demotely or even enti imprecate change due to the pressures felt from other people or the environment around them.At the same time, we induct a need for positive self-regard to develop a ace of trust in the accuracy and reliability of our own inner experienced, it is on this we must depend if we are to become independent from and able to bedevil good decisio ns or so life and how we are to be in it.We mark to view ourselves as others view us, ignoring our inner experience whatever we feel it is in conflict with the values of those signifi mucklet others on whom we depend. Rogers term for this was locus of evaluation. By this, he meant the temperament of some people to rely on the evaluations of others for their feelings of acceptance and self esteem (Mearns & Thorne, 2007). Unconditional positive regard defined as being non-judgmental, accepting, and respectful toward the client (Mearns & Thorne, 2007).The background and moral differences of a client should not prevent the counsellor attaining the Rogerian conditions. The counsellor has to accept the positive and negativity of ones clients no matter their sexuality, culture or traditions and religious beliefs. The counsellor also has to show warmth towards his client. According to the fourth condition therapist experiences an empathic understanding of the clients internal frame of re ference and endeavors to communicate this experience to the client.The warmth comes from the counsellor toward the client, helps to develops the trust between the counsellor and client relationship, but the counsellor has professional in showing warmth, because too little or too much will slacken the development of trust in the process of the counselling sessions for some incident clients. The fifth condition can also be a part of empathy.Empathy is a continuing process whereby the counsellor lays aside her own way of experiencing and perceiving reality, preferring to sense and respond to the experiencing and perceptions of her client. This sensing may be intense and abiding with the counsellor actually experiencing her clients conceits and feelings as powerfully as if they had originated in herself (Mearns & Thorne 2007 p.67).Although there is only one physical world for each one individual experiences it several(predicate)ly. This is because we all suck in our own opinion a nd differences, and applying empathy will cede the counsellor to adapt to the clients frame of mind. To illustrate, the counsellor should sense the clients anger, fear, confusion or private world, as if these truly things were the counsellors own feelings, It is of high importance that the clients feelings or experiences do not emotionally distract the counsellor because it could pose a threat to the relationship between the counsellor and her client.Although the client may be desperate and lost in his/her world, the counsellor must tarry as someone who is coherent and reliable, as well as sensitive. During the counsel sessions the therapist has to understand the feeling of the patients not question what the client intend. The remarks must fit in with the therapists musical note of voice which conveys with the client mood and content. Unless some communication of these empathic conditions has been achieved, hence such attitudes do not exist in the relationship as far as the c lient is concerned. Therefore empathy is not just a technique of responding to the client, but it is a way of being in relation to ones client. Empathy alship canal makes the counsellor feels like being on the same train or bus as the client It is the client journey (not the counsellor) which the counsellor is joining and staying with no matter how mountainous the journey is, without been carried away but still maintain the core conditions throughout the counselling process.According to the third condition the therapist should be within the restrain of this relationship, a genuine, real, or congruence person, unlike the psychodynamic therapist who generally maintains a blank screen and reveals little of their own personality in therapy (Angles on Applied Psychology, 2003 page 47). Carl Rogers believes that it is the realness of the therapist in the relationship which is the more(prenominal) or less important element. It is when the therapist is natural and spontaneous that he see ms to be intimately effective. (Rogers, 1973 186).Congruence is the most important attribute in counselling, according to Rogers (Mearns & Thorne 2007). It means that within the relationship the counsellor is freely and deeply himself, with his own experiences representing his sentience of himself. The therapist has to support the client to encourage change and be positive. The therapist has to be open and professional during the counselling process.The aim is not for the therapist to express or talk out his own feelings but to be aware of his or her own boundaries so that he office not be bias to the client. It is important to be honest and at measure may need to reflect on his/her feelings to the client, colleague or in supervision if it is standing in the way of the following conditions. Counsellors are sometimes faced with an exciting but excite challenges, for some counsellor it is not tough to be congruent whiles for others.They might find it very difficult or frightenin g but it could also confront us with the frightening possibility that we may not fall in the courage to meet that challenge, as Rogers wrote different therapist achieve good entrusts in quite different way ( Rogers, 1973) (example the man who told the counsellor that he is thinking of leaving his wife because he is gay), it could be a frightening experience for the counsellor because of the counsellors background, but at the same time the counsellor have to be congruence and let the client know how they are feeling at the moment but the counsellor have to show the client unconditional positive regard and accept the client for who they really are. The therapist has to be transparent, by making himself or herself transparent to the client, the client can see right through what the therapist is in the relationship and that is how the client can develop trust for the counsellor.The famous Johari Window teaches us about the known to others but not to me and knows to me but not to other s. There are aspects of our personality that were open about, and other elements that we keep to ourselves. There are things that others see in us that were not aware of, like the hidden area. This contains things others observe about us that we dont know about ourselves. Again, they could be positive or negative behaviors that will cloak the way others act towards us like our client. Congruence is about not having secrets, its about being true to oneself, and its also about establishing equal rights for all relationships so that the counsellor and the client can have an open but honest relationship throughout the process.Rogers most individual theoretical concept is that of actualization in which he is approving about Human Nature. Drawn from other theorists of his time, including Maslow (1962,1970), Rogers identifies that gay motivation functions to assist us to reach our individual potential (Rogers 1977). In so doing we strive to achieve internal harmony between what we feel and what we experiences. By a process of our own internal experience we as individual develop by changes and adapting through the means of self regulation. This includes congruent awareness and expression of feelings evoked by experiences we recognize, then express, what we feel about an experience. The actualization process is a motivational system from which our individual evolution and development occurs. Competing against this, however, is the conscious self. (Rogers 1959 Maslow 1962).It might help to understand Rogers better if we contrast his theories with those of freud because the two are so different. This contrast will show how Rogers can be thought of as optimistic about human nature, while freud took a far more pessimistic view. Freud thought that people were born with both life instincts and devastation instinct. In Freuds system, two basic drives are associated with, or are part of the life and death instincts, the sexual drive and the aggressive drive. Freud thought that the aggressive drive was not usually directed towards the person himself or herself, but as it has energy and cannot be suppressed entirely, it is normally displaced onto objects or people in the environment.Freud was quite clear that, in his view, a tendency towards aggressive or destructive behavior is a natural condition of humankind. To Rogers, there is only one motivational force behind human behavior actualizing tendency. In contrast to Freud, Rogers thought that this basic motivation is constructive, creative and positive (Tonny Merry, 2003 p 17). But Both Freud and Rogers thought that childhood events are world-shattering in shaping our adult personalities, but whereas Freud was not optimistic about the possibilities for change and development later on in life, Rogers surely was. For example early childhood experiences are considered very important. The single most important factor is the degree to which we experienced love and acceptance from significant others, usu ally our parents.Rogers thought that children need to feel unconditionally loved and wanted by people who are significant and important to them. The trouble is that love can be either conditional or unconditional. If love is offered unconditionally with no strings attached, then children are able to be by nature expressive and accepting of all their feelings. Conditional love refers to love that is given only if the child behaves in approved ways, and if the child behaves in the ways that are unacceptable, then he or she risks love being withdrawn. The result is that the child begins to think of himself or herself in terms of the evaluations of others, Rogers phrase for this was conditions of worth, and it refers to the ways in which our self concepts are fashioned by the judgments of those around us (Tony Merry, 2003 p 23).