HISTORY ON FILM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HISTORY ON FILM - Essay Example Also implied is the fact that there would be inaccuracies. The first time I viewed Amadeus, and that was eons ago, I was absolutely bedazzled, awed and completely swept off my feet by the gripping story, the cinematography, the elaborate costumes, the art direction, the makeup, the magnificent acting of the two leads F. Murray Abraham as Antonio Salieri and Tom Hulce as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and of course the impeccable direction of Milos Forman. But what makes it memorable through the years is the revival of the music of one of the greatest composers the world has ever known and the restaging of his operas. Here, we are treated to a glimpse to some of Mozart’s everlasting operas e.g. The Abduction From The Seraglio, The Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni and The Magic Flute. This movie gives free lessons on opera and music appreciation. We have to give kudos to Milos Forman, the director and the scriptwriter, Peter Shaffer for faithfully recreating and transporting all of us viewers to 18th century Vienna and Salzburg. This was spe cifically 1769, the time that Mozart displayed to all and sundry glimpses of his immense talent before the arrogant Archbishop of Salzburg and his court to the year 1791, the year of Mozart’s demise and Salieri’s confinement in a mental institution. Both Forman and Shaffer ensured that we, viewers, become a part of the excessive bacchanalian revelries of the aristocrats and people who matter in Austria; the pompous celebration of art, music and culture; that we view the ornate, majestic edifices of the 18th century Austria ruled by the Hapsburg royalty, which at this juncture in time was governed by the highly cultured Emperor Joseph II, the son of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I and the brother of the ill-fated Marie Antoinette of France. We have to note that this is the heyday of the renaissance and thus, there is rebirth of classical art, literature, learning and architecture in Austria. Swept out

Global strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global strategy - Essay Example Statistics also show that approximately 47% of the company’s sales were coming from the outside markets beyond the US home business. The company had also diversified its business interests, and it sold nearly everything including, but not limited to books, digital music and jewellery. Despite its acclaimed success and impeccable international reputation, Amazon has undergone through a number of challenges, which have been weathered successfully and efficiently. Some of the challenges that have bedevilled the company over the years include the failing shareholder attitudes and the current global financial crisis. The firm has continuously taken strategic decisions and actions geared towards sustainability and financial prosperity; this has seen it grow with an edge above its rivals in the electronic trade industry. This paper will dwell on, among other things: the dominant strategy-shaping economic and competitive characteristics of Amazon, qualitative assessment of amazon.com by use of Porter’s five Forces model, critical success factors of amazon.com, and the SWOT analysis of amazon.com. What are the dominant strategy shaping economic and competitive characteristics of Amazon? Any business is obliged to meet its obligations to both the shareholders and consumers respectively, that is, it should be profitable as well as cater for consumer satisfaction needs. In this regard, Amazon, like any other business in the world, has such obligations to meet. Since its inception in the year 1995, the company has experienced tremendous growth that has long surpassed its primary goal of becoming the largest and best bookstore in the world. However, according to Amazon’s CEO Jeff Bezzo, it is up to others to determine if the Amazon has achieved its goal of being the most ‘customer-centric’ company in the world (Stockport 2009, p.574). Amazon aims at providing consumers with their needs, introducing consumers to innovations and store personal ization to cater for diverse consumer tastes and preferences. In order to achieve these goals, Amazon has adopted a number of strategies that act as a roadmap to economic prosperity and sustainability. Firstly, Amazon has adopted a three pillar strategy that comprises of ‘selection’, ‘price’ and ‘convenience’ (Stockport 2009, p.575). The selection pillar entails offering a diversified range of products and services; for instance, this includes retail products, software and cloud computing services. Under the price pillar, Amazon commits to price leadership with due regard for quality of products and services. For instance, the firm provides free transport to customers with expedient delivery. The convenience pillar dwells on ensuring customer satisfaction through the provision of relevant and effective goods and services. Amazon strives to understand customer needs and requirements through customer review and feedback reports on its products an d services. Amazon’s staff recruitment process has also been tailored to promote achievement of the company’s primary goal (becoming the world’s most ‘customer centric’ company). The company does not choose employees on the basis of their skills, but rather on the basis of their need to meet customer needs and expectations. Bezzo argues that in the changing world, skills that are needed today may not be

Audio Transcription Technology

Audio Transcription Technology AUDIO TRANSCRIPTION The aim of this assignment is to outline key areas for Audio Transcription. Audio Transcription, in its simplest form it is the transformation of verbal and audio materials onto a text document.ÂÂ   The typist has the use of Headphones to hear the recording and uses a foot pedal to control the speed and stop/play of the audio and also rewind and fast forward.ÂÂ   The typist has to record the audio as they hear it and follow any instructions given by the speaker. There is a lot of reference material which can be used to ensure accuracy when doing audio transcription. Below is a description of some: Spell Checker:ÂÂ   This is used to check the accuracy of the spelling of an electronic document with the use of a software program that compares words in the document with a list of acceptable spellings.ÂÂ   You can also permanently put a new word into the dictionary if its not already there so spell check wont continuously show it up as incorrect spelling. Thesaurus:ÂÂ   Is a reference work that lists words grouped together according to similarity of meaning (containing synonyms and sometimes antonyms), in contract to a dictionary, which provides definitions for words, and generally lists them in alphabetical order.ÂÂ   The main purpose of such reference works is to help the user to find the word, or words, by which an idea may be most fitly and aptly expressed to quote Peter Mark Roget, architect of the best known thesaurus in the English language. Mims: MIMS or monthly Index of Medical Specialities is an independently edited publication designed as a prescribing guide for the general practitioner.ÂÂ   It is aimed at healthcare professionals, including general practitioners (GPs), pharmacists, nurses and secondary care specialists.ÂÂ   It is considered dangerous practice to refer to old editions.ÂÂ   Concise drug monographs form the core of MIMS; these include key safety information (contraindications, warnings, interactions and adverse effects) and details of the active ingredient, presentations, price, indication, dosage and manufacturer.ÂÂ   Entries are independently compiled by the MIMS editorial team based on the full Summary of Product clinical guidance.ÂÂ   The MIMS website features a predictive search function that allows users to search the drug listings by brand, generic ingredient or drug class.ÂÂ   Online versions of the comparison tables and guideline summaries are supplemented by addi tional web only resources including clinical calculators and patient fact sheets.ÂÂ   Al the content is freely available except the drug listings.ÂÂ   Registrations is free for GPs but other users much subscribe. [ii] [iii] It is very important to ensure accuracy is met at all times when doing Audio Transcription. You are dealing with sensitive information and also you run the risk of e.g. putting the wrong medicine name on a prescription or wrong information on the doctors notes which can have catastrophic results. The main screen of the Olympus Dictation Management System Software which is used for Audio Transcription is shown below: This is the changing of the Layout of the Page/document that is being used through the Page Layout on the Toolbar.ÂÂ   There are many ways to change the Layout and here is a breakdown of a few. Page Layout:To change the Orientation (direction) of the Page/Document, click on the Page Layout icon on the top left hand side of the Toolbar. From there click on Orientation with your mouse Portraitor Landscape will appear then click on the icon that is required and it will change. SPACING:To change the spacing (bigger or smaller) between each line, click into Page Layout on the top right hand corner of the toolbar. The spacing column is in the centre of the Page. The spacing can now be adjusted between each line of the wording. FONT:Changing the Font type and size by manually going into the top right hand side of your toolbar and clicking on the drop down arrow beside the Font style, scroll down the list and click on the chosen one. This can be done for both Font Type and Size.ÂÂ   The shortcut to this is to right click on the mouse and the same toolbar options pop up and the same actions can be completed. BOLD:Changing the font to bold, click on the B on the top right hand corner of the Toolbar by clicking on the B or the shortcut to it is Ctrl and B. Ensure to unclick the letter B on the Toolbar menu or re-click the shortcut Ctrl and B or it will keep writing with Bold. ITALICS:Changing the font to Italics, this can be accessed on the top right hand corner of the toolbar by clicking on the Ior the shortcut to this is Ctrl and the letter I.ÂÂ   Ensure to unclick the letter Ion the toolbar or re-click the shortcut Ctrl and I or it will keep writing in Italics. Shannon Medical Centre Memo To: Melinda McCarthy From: Yvonne Wesley Cc: Alexandra Hughes Date: January 13, 2017 Re: Andrew Williams Personal Please organise the chest x-ray for the above lady at your earliest convenience. You might copy Margaret in on the outcome. The basic business letter format is the same across a range of industries, with few variations for content and style.ÂÂ   The letter should be left-aligned, single-spaced with a one-inch margin and a standard 11-or 12-point type size.ÂÂ   The top line below the letterhead should be the correct date, followed by one line of space followed by Our Ref space and Your Ref (if relevant) and the address of the recipient.ÂÂ   Following this Urgent/For attentions of in bold (if relevant).ÂÂ   Place one line of space after the recipients address and use a simple, professional greeting and another line of space. Each following paragraph should be separated by a line. Insert one line after the last paragraph, followed by a closing. Leave four lines of space for your signature, and type your name and title.ÂÂ   It is important do either use Full Punctuation or Open Punctuation. Ennis Hospital, Ennis, Co Clare. 18 July 2017 Our Ref: VR/CR Dr Raefel Jones, St Johns Hospital, Alberton Road, Dublin 4. Re: Mrs Helen Brindsley DOB 02/10/65 2 The Maltings, Ennis, Co Clare. Dear Dr Raefel, This lady was admitted to this hospital on 29th June last for investigation of early dementia.ÂÂ   As you know she is vague and disorientated and an abnormal behaviour pattern has been noted both at work and by her family.ÂÂ   There were no abnormal signs on examination.ÂÂ   The investigations arranged showed normal Vitamin B12 metabolism but the results of thyroid function studies are meaningless in view of previous therapy with Tabs Thyroxine. The most significant finding was some cortical atrophy demonstrated by an air encephalogram.ÂÂ   The cerebrospinal fluid examined at the time of the radiological procedure showed a raised protein content of 74 mg per 100 million; there were no cells in the fluid and the sugar content was normal. I think the dementia is the pre-senile variety and I fear the condition will deteriorate.ÂÂ   I have interviewed her husband and made him aware of the prognosis but no doubt you will be seeing him to discuss the matter further and to give him all possible support. Yours sincerely, __________________________ Viictor Radetski FRCP DPM Consultant Psychiatrist It is very important to give special attention when dictating numerical figures and units of measurements.ÂÂ   A minor change in numerical values or units of measurements can harm the patient. Its important that dictated numbers are easily understood by the transcriptionist.ÂÂ   The teen numbers can be confused with ty2 numbers, as in 13/30, 14/40, 15/50, 16/60, 17/70, 18/80 and 19/90.ÂÂ   For example, when you dictate 14, say Fourteen, thats one, four, or 50, say Fifty, thats five, zero.[T1] [iv] Full stops, colons, question marks, dashes, semi colons and exclamation marks are usually dictated. The start of a new paragraph is indicated by the word paragraph. Words to be underscored are dictated and then followed by the instructions underscore; e.g., Please send me details of your personal (underscore personal) computers. Initial capitals are not usually indicated, but if there is a doubt, the following method is used: initial capital/initial capitals e.g., I have a current account with the (initial capital) National Irish Bank. The 24-hour clock is dictated as spoken; e.g., thirteen hundred hours (typed without a full stop) 1300 hours. If you are using open punctuation, there are no full stops in abbreviations.ÂÂ   Even with full punctuation, certain abbreviations do not have full stops.ÂÂ   If for some particular reason the dictator wants stops inserted, he would say, capital letters N stop U stop R stop N.U.R. Bullets are normally used when ranking and order are not important and will not be referenced later.ÂÂ   For example: Application Form Proof of address Numbering is usually used when you need to reference them.ÂÂ   For example: All applicants must provide the following documents: a) Application form b) Proof of address Item b) can be any utility bills, bank statements or letters from government agencies. And if ranking or order (e.g. steps to bake a cake) is important, then it makes sense to use numbering. You can access the Bullet/Numbering key on the Toolbar on the main screen of your Microsoft Word document as show below. [v] Tables are used to lay out information in individual columns and rows within a Word Document.ÂÂ   The point where the column intersects with the row is known as a cell.ÂÂ   To create a table first click onto the Toolbar menu at the top of the page, click on Insert. Below is an example of when at table can be used in Audio Transcription Medical Term Meaning 1 Blood Pressure (BP) The pressure of the blood in the Circulatory System 2 Complete Blood Count (CBC) A blood test used to evaluate overall health and detect any health issues 3 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible 4 Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) Blood clot in large vein 5 Fracture (FX) Complete or incomplete break in a bone resulting from the application of excessive force 6 Pulse (P) The rhythmic dilation of an artery that results from beating of the heart 7 Rebound (REB) Rebound tenderness of the abdomen when pushed in and then released. 8 Three times daily (TID) As in taking medicine three times daily 9 Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) Any number of viral or bacterial infection 10 Vital Signs are stable (VSS) From the standpoint of the temperature, blood pressure, and pulse, the patient is doing well. To create a table first click onto the Toolbar menu at the top of the page, click on Insert. Next Click on Tables. i Pull the mouse over the box and it will show up as many columns as needed, when there is enough of the box highlighted just click on the left hand side of the mouse and it will insert a table as below. Now all data can be filled into each column or row as required. Columns are used in a Word Document to change the layout of the page into sections or columns across the page.ÂÂ   This is beneficial if you want to save space on a page and fit more text in.ÂÂ   To set up the columns you go to the page Layout on the Screen and click into it. Click into columns From here select as many columns as you need. Medical Term Meaning 1 Blood Pressure (BP) The pressure of the blood in the Circulatory System 2 Complete Blood Count (CBC) A blood test used to evaluate overall health and detect any health issues 3 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible 4 Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) Blood clot in large vein 5 Fracture (FX) Complete or incomplete break in a bone resulting from the application of excessive force 6 Pulse (P) The rhythmic dilation of an artery that results from beating of the heart 7 Rebound (REB) Rebound tenderness of the abdomen when pushed in and then released. 8 Three times daily (TID) As in taking medicine three times daily 9 Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) Any number of viral or bacterial infection 10 Vital Signs are stable (VSS) From the standpoint of the temperature, blood pressure, and pulse, the patient is doing well. [vi] [i] http://www.nthdegreeservices.co.uk/audio-transcription-in-newcastle.html [ii] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monthly_Index_of_Medical_Specialities [iii] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesaurus [iv] https://www.2ascribe.com/articles/dictation-tips/dictating-numbers-and-dates [v] http://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/16246/in-formal-writing-when-to-use-bullets-and-when-the-numbers [vi] http://www.medicinenet.com/list_of_common_medical_abbreviations_and_terminology-page6/views.htm [T0]The spacing in this letter is too big keep example on one page [T1]This is irrelevant you are writing about the transcriptionist [T2]This is not about word processing you need to describe what tables and columns might be used for in audio transcription

The Relationship of Torvald and Nora Essay -- A Dolls House Henrik Ibs

The Relationship of Torvald and Nora At the beginning of the play, Nora and Helmer seem to have a happy marriage, although it is quite a childish relationship as Helmer often uses diminutive language and names such as ‘songbird’ or ‘squirrel to talk to Nora. However, by the end of the play Nora seems to have changed. The way Nora speaks changes from being a young girl to being like a woman. Finally, she leaves Torvald. At the start of the play Nora speaks in a very childish manner. You notice this when she says things such as ‘heaps’ and ‘the great blue sky’. This shows that she is mentally naive. She says these things as a child would say them. For example, the lines that she speaks have a lot of exclamation points and as Nora says some things she jumps up and down or claps her hands, this shows the childish way she acts. Torvald speaks to her in very over-romantic language and it seems as though maybe it isn’t real and their love is just part of a game. It is so romantic it seems as though he is trying to convince himself that he loves her. He says things such as ‘squirrel’, ‘lark’ or ‘songbird’. Songbirds are kept in cages so this may have something to do with Nora’s situation as Torvald controls the way she thinks and so she is caged in his world. Torvald also acts very paternally towards Nora and patronises her. Helmer uses the word ‘little’ a lot when he speaks to Nora. He calls her his ‘little Nora’ or ‘little creature’ which shows that their relationship seems to be more paternal than marital. Helmer treats Nora like a daughter. This is really noticeable when he does things like kissing her on the forehead or putting his arm around her. Helmer and Nora play a game and Nora manipulates Hel... ...lived by performing tricks for you, Torvald.’ She also says that Torvald had her as his ‘doll-wife’ and that Torvald played with her as the children played with their dolls. When she announces that she is going to leave him Torvald reacts at first by trying to forbid her from leaving ‘I shall not allow it! I forbid it!’ and since this doesn’t work Helmer tries to use religion as an argument so that she doesn’t leave. Also, he suggests that society will look on her badly, and then he pleads with her not to leave and says that he’ll change for her. However, Nora had her set view even though Helmer tried to use strength, religion and his sweet charm to keep her at home. In the end Nora leaves. She slams the door as she goes which shows a symbolic cut between her former life and the life that she is about to lead. She has finally left her Dolls house.

Personal Theory Paper Essay

Abstract There are many ways is which we can build and create our own theories about child development but the way we do our own theories will significantly affect the way we guide and teach children. My unique personal theory about child development is that children should be guided and treated with respect and dignity. This essay will explain my own personal theory or theories that I would use to greatly guide and help children along the way, I believe that these that I am about to mention are the ones that I feel I would really use later on as I pursue my profession in the Child development Field. A positive approach to guidance makes children and others feel confident, happy, and pleasant. A positive approach does not include shaming, humiliation, ridicule, pressure to compete, nor is it punitive, impatient, mean, or bossy. Personal Theory 3 Personal Theory Paper Having your own personal theory means how you will guide children into success in their life’s later on. Making our own personal theory helps us understand, predict, explain and control that reality. Thy are mostly verbal but they can also be mathematical or illustrative. Having our own personal theories really helps learn how children will learn and develop. These several questions that I will discuss are questions that often children caregivers ask themselves: 1. How do you view the course of development is it Continuous or Discontinuous? 2. Is there one course or many courses of development that would characterize all children? 3. Do genetic or environmental factors play a greater role in development? Highlighting these major questions will give us an understanding as to how children develop and react to the changes around them. 1 Theory is a contemplative and rational type of abstract or generalized thinking. Depending on the context, the results might for example include generalized explanations on how nature works, or even how divine or metaphysical matters are thought to work. How do you view the course of development is Continuous or Discontinuous? To me how I view the course of development is it depends on the child’s physical and psychological development. On the Wikipedia article about Child Development in the Continuity section of the article I read this: â€Å"Many aspects of developmental change are continuous and do not display noticeable milestones of change. Continuous developmental changes, like growth in stature, involve fairly gradual and predictable progress toward adult characteristics.† (www.wikipedia.com). Although scientists and children caregivers have an interest in identification of developmental milestones, many aspects of developmental change are continuous. An example of a discontinuous development is Freud’s Psycho Sexual stages of development is theorized that children systematically move through oral, anal, phallic, and latency stages before reaching mature adult sexuality in the genital stage. The same is mentioned for Erikson’s theory of development and Piaget’s stages of cognitive development. Theorists who believe children grow continuously believe that kids constantly add new lessons and skills on top of old lessons and though parents cannot see it all the time with their own eyes, children are growing all the time right in front of them. Their bodies make new cells. Their minds learn new skills as they play and interact with other people everyday. On the other hand children who grow Discontinuously believe that children grow in stages as they seem to develop chunks of abilities and to experience events at certain times in life. Is there one course or many courses of development that would characterize all children? In my view I believe that both one or many courses in development exist. There is not only one course or just many course, in a preschool setting a teacher or caregiver is dealing with children from different backgrounds, culture, and developmental differences physically, emotional, and psychologically. Its important for a teacher or caregiver to really observe and understand if each child has only one course or many courses of development. â€Å"When a developmental theory has only one course then it is only said to follow one path, but when a developmental theory involves many courses then it has unique paths for particular individuals across popular contexts.† (www.wiki-answers.com/Q/Child_development_One_course_of_development_or_many). Do Genetic or Environmental factors play a greater role in Development? Genetics and the environment shape the development of a human. This fact is mostly known by the idea of nature versus nurture. Scientists have been questioning which of these factors influence upon the various aspects of personal growth. A person’s physical development is strongly affected by their genes inherited from their parents. Parents genes predetermine the limits of an individuals height and other characteristics. (www.teenink.com/opinion). Genetics can have a powerful influence on development, but experiences are also important. For example, while the genetic code contains the information a child is influenced by their surroundings. If a child grows up in a home Personal Theory 6 that is well off, they may not appreciate the hard work that goes into earning a dollar because everything was given to them. On the other hand if a child grows up in poverty he or she may not want things that have no significance in their life. Child’s growth starts right away and does not end until the child is ready. As a child grows up he or she will learn to think for herself, become aware of themselves, learn to reason, and master language. The environment plays mostly an important part in the child’s skill enhancement in so many ways. First there are hereditary traits that can affect a child. The way they talk, walk, their psyche, cognitive thinking, and more can be due to the environment. My Own two Major theories of Development Two major theories that I have experienced while interacting with children is self-direction in which it is the ability to control one’s own behavior, to think for oneself was a basic aim by Swiss psychologist, Jean Piaget which have mostly to do with values of freedom and liberty. I have personally come across this because when interacting with children I like to teach them to be more independent with themselves, to be able to do the things by themselves and if they already tried several times and they still need help on doing something then they can rely on me for help. I have a younger sister who I have been helping my mom take care of ever since my sister was three years old (now she is eight years old) she does like to do things by herself independently but now that she is growing up, I have noticed that she is always wanting someone to do the things for her. Like there are times in the mornings when she feels lazy to do her own bed so she always tends to ask for my help only even though she also has other older sisters and an older brother she still only asks for my help, sometimes it is kind of annoying for me when she only asks for my help it almost seems like if I was her only sister. I am tend to loose my patience at times but that is when I Personal Theory 7 say to myself to calm down and realize that she likes to spend quality time with me, even if sometimes it is annoying. I want her to rely on me for help but what I want her to realize is that she also has to do her own things. When she is in a tight situation then that is when she can come to me for advice. My other theory is the imitation experience, when a child sees someone clapping then after seeing the grownup clap the child claps back just the same way the grownup did it. Helping a child read picture books can help develop schemas in child development. A schema can be defined as a set of linked mental representations of the world, which are used both to understand and respond to situations. The assumption is that we store these mental representations and apply them when needed. (www.simplypsychology.com/piaget.html). For example, a person might have a schema about buying a meal in a restaurant. The schema is a stored form of the pattern of behavior which includes looking at a menu, or during food, eating it and paying the bill. This is an example of a schema called ‘script’. Whenever they are in a restaurant, they retrieve this schema from memory and apply it to the situation. The schemas Piaget described tend to be simpler than this-especially those used by infants. He described how as a child gets older-his or her schemas become more numerous and elaborate. An example of an initial schema is when the teacher is showing the children how a dog looks from a picture book, therefore the children begin to develop an understanding of what a dog looks like just by looking at the picture book. Experience in practicing the skill can be provided by adults at strategic moments when the child shows readiness, thus enhancing development. Expert teachers are sensitive to children’s readiness in many learning domains. Children seek ways to gain experience when they find a new skill fascinating. (Hildebrand pg. 29) I would watch children climb up and down a mountain when they learning to climb. When observing I would also listen to the children’s conversations, to me it is Personal Theory 8 interesting listening to the way children use words to connect them into sentences that are filled with fantasy, imagination and curiousness all over listening to their conversations also makes me wonder sometimes if they are imitating a grown-up from their own family or if it comes from their own active imagination, it almost seems like they have an inner drive to excel. I would never like to hinder a child from saying anything they wish to say but I would also watch carefully that any child does not swear because a young children’s mind is always active and open; and when they are toddlers everything the grownups say or do they will want to do it also because they are at a period where they want to try everything you do also, so we as their caregivers have to be extra careful what we say or do because what we do or say will greatly affect the child in the present and lat er on in their life. Conclusion Even though I have never had professional early child development teaching experience I know that in the several years of taking care of my sister I have at least gained some basic experience and have seen some of the theories that I mentioned in this essay in action with my younger sister. To me the course of development is both continuous and discontinuous depending on how each child develops. Learning about these theories and finding out more information about the many courses or just one course of development made me see that there are many courses of development based on the many developmental theories and stages each child goes through in life. Lastly I discovered that both genetic and environmental factors can affect children greatly in the present as well as later on in life. As I said earlier if a child is brought up in a negative environment then that will definitely affect the children emotionally as well psychologically. References Continuity and Discontinuity in Development http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_development Oswald, Angela. Child Development Stages versus Continuous Development. Retrieved from: http://www.sevencounties.org/poc/view_doc.php? type=doc&id=7920.. Cabi816, Greenville, SC. Teen Ink. Genetic Versus the Environment and their Effects on the Development. Retrieved from: http://www.teenink.com/opinion/current_events_politics/article/155563/Geneti cs-V-The-Environment-And-Their-Effects-On-Development/ McLeod, Saul. (Published 2009, Updated 2012). Simply Psychology. Jean Piaget. Retrieved from: http://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html Hildebrand, Verna and Hearron, F. Patricia. Guiding Young Children. Sixth Edition. (1999). Merrill, an imprint of Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle, New Jersey and Columbus, Ohio. Chapter 2 Knowing Children as a Basis for Guidance. Speed of Development.

Is College Debt To Much Essay

Everyone who wants to go to college is often faced with the same fact, how will I pay? Students often go with the options of taking loans, after much consideration and research, research sometimes based on essays written by authors. Even though Carey and Wilson both address the debt college could put someone in. Wilson provides a more convincing argument due to the fact that he gives more information on statistics of student loans, more information about loans, and an unbiased opinion. Before you make a big decision you should always know the risks and benefits. One way to ensure you make a good decision is, if possible look at statistics. In the essays â€Å"Why Do You Think They’re Called For- Profit Colleges?† by Kevin Carey and â€Å"A Lifetime Of Student Debt? Not Likely† by Robin Wilson they both take different approaches to using statistics about student loan debt in their writing. Carey does not use any statistics making his article harder to understand a nd his material credibility questionable. Carey states that, â€Å"The University Of Phoenix is on pace to reap $4 billion from federal loans† (Carey 216). This is one of the only times in his article Carey mentions how much colleges make from loans. He then says â€Å"Unfortunately, a large and growing number of graduates of for-profit colleges are having trouble paying those loans back† (Carey 216). Although Carey says it’s a large number of graduates that have trouble paying loans back he does not show any statistics to confirm it, which makes his information questionable. On the other hand Wilson uses an abundance of statistics in his article which makes the article easy to understand and a trustworthy source. According to Wilson, â€Å"Of the 65 percent who face debt, the average they owe is around $20,00† Andrews 2 (Wilson 257). Wilson also gives statistics on the amount of debt difference between undergraduate and graduate degrees, and public and private schools  graduates. Just the uses of Wilsons statistics makes me realize that debt is a manageable and wouldn’t overwhelm my life. The next point that really set these two essays apart was the amount of information given about loans. In Carey’s article he gives very little information about loans in general. He really just implies that student’s taking large loans are what are making for-profit colleges so profitable. He fails to give us information about why loans are needed, and what loans allow people to do. Unlike Wilson who again gives us plenty of material to see the pros and cons of loans. Wilson covers topics like interest rates, and borrowing risks. He also includes stories from people’s real life describing their personal success and struggles with student debt. These personal stories really helped me connect with Wilson’s article and understand the pros of taking loans. The last point that set these essays apart was the amount of bias in the articles. I felt Carey’s article was extremely biased towards one man named Michal Clifford. It shows Clifford as almost a monster. Carey says, â€Å"Entrepreneurs like Clifford, meanwhile, have been snapping up dying nonprofit colleges and quickly turning them into money making machines† (Carey 216). I on the other hand do not think its Clifford fault. He is just doing his job, and it seems he’s doing a very good job at it. One way or another the student has to pay for college and it’s going to be fairly expensive in this day and age, and I feel like Carey is just trying to put the blame on someone. Although Wilson acknowledges that there are some problems with students loans and some people will have a difficult time paying them back, I think he wrote a very fair and unbiased essay. Andrews 3 There are always two sides to every story and multiple ways of looking at things, as shown in these two essays both discussing student loan debt. Although these essays both challenged my mind and gave me new insight on student loan debt, I thought Wilsons essay was much more to the point. Also he included so much more in depth information that made the article interesting ,knowledgeable, and meaningful.

Animals and Fertilized Embryo Transfer essays

Animals and Fertilized Embryo Transfer essays Embryo transfer is the process of taking fertilized embryos from one animal and inserting them into another. This is very useful today in cattle because now it is economically feasible and it allows the producer a greater number of offspring from one cow with desirable traits. The process normally starts by artificially inseminating the cow. Exactly seven days later, the uterus is flushed, and the embryos and ova. Next, the embryos will be isolated. The embryos are then inserted into the recipient cow. Artificially inseminating the cow is the preferred way to fertilize the eggs in the donor cow. The cow should be inseminated at least three times at intervals of twelve hours, to insure fertilization. In preparation for AI, a shot of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) should be given to the cow to super-ovulate her. This causes more eggs to drop from the ovaries, allowing more embryos. Seven days after the cow is inseminated the third time, her uterus should be flushed. Before flushing the cow, her posterior should be cleaned up as much as possible. After this is complete, an instrument known as the "introducer" is inserted into the vagina. The instrument is much like a long syringe with a plunger going through the center. The vet then will push his hand through the anus and guide the introducer along the cervix. The instrument is pushed through the cervix and into the uterus. Once it reaches the uterus, the plunger is pulled out, and a catheter is inserted into the uterus, against the uterine horn, through the center of the introducer. The "cuff," a small balloon type object, is inflated in the cow's uterus, and a sodium based phosphate is released for lubrication. It is then pumped back through the introducer, and filtered by an embryo filter. The liquid caught by the filter is then examined to determine the number of good embryos. At this stage, the sex can even be determined. They are graded, then placed in straws or frozen for l...

Different Roles of Political Parties †Government Essay

Different Roles of Political Parties – Government Essay Free Online Research Papers Different Roles of Political Parties Government Essay In the United States, there are three major groups and they are: political party, interest group and lobbyist, and the media. These three main groups are important and each of them plays a different role. Also they can give a positive or a negative impact on the American Political System and on the people in the United States. One of the main groups is political party. A major political party can be defined as a group of people who seek in control of government through winning the election, and holding a public office but the minor party is different. Their role is to play â€Å"spoiler role† in an election and this party can also be useful as critic and innovators. This political party has five major functions, which are nominating, informer-stimulator, the Seal of Approval, governmental, and watchdog. During its nominating function, the political party nominates or names a candidate to represent their party. In the informer-stimulator function, they inform the people and stimulate their interests and participation in public affairs. During the Seal of Approval function, political party grants a seal of approval to its candidates who are both qualified and have good character. In the governmental function, the party governs government in the United States and most of their business is conducted on a partisan basis. The last role that political party has is watchdog function. This function allows the party to act as watchdogs over the conduct of the public’s business. These functions can give negative and/or positive impacts. In the United States, there are two major political parties, the Democrats and the Republicans. Some of aspects of the party’s campaigns can enforce a negative impact on people. Some of the negative impacts are that political parties are election-oriented not issue-oriented so they ignore issues and they just want people our votes to win public office. Another negative impact is that their minds are separated; they are interested in different interests and different ideas. Also these parties divide people in the United States and if these parties divide the country, some parts of the country will try to separate. In addition to that, they use our money to campaign, to inform, and etc; and they borrow money if they want to overuse money. Interest groups are the main group in the United States. Interest groups are the private organizations whose members share certain views and work to shape the making and the content of public policy. Also they are known as pressure group or special interest. Interest groups try to influence the policies of the government and they do strike on the one thing they focus on. This group gives a lot of positive impacts to America. These groups don’t seek for votes; they are only interested in influencing the policies of government and they help to stimulate the interests in public affairs. Also they provide useful specialized and detailed information to the government. In addition to that these groups provide checks and balances on each other and the behavior of officials in the government. Interest groups are mostly found in economic interest and they use propaganda, which is a technique of persuasion aimed at influencing individual or group behavior. Sometimes the lobbyist helps t he interest groups by lobbying. Lobbying is usually defined as those activities by which a group pressures are brought to hear on legislators and the legislative process and this helps the interest groups to take their interests or the issue that they focus on to the government. These interest groups seek to institute certain governments and public policies to benefit all or most of the people in the country. Another group in the United States is the media. The Media is TV, radio, films, books, magazines and newspapers. They provide political information. The Media has the power to focus the public attention on a particular issue and help to shape the public agenda-what people talk about. The Media is big and huge. They make candidates less dependent on parties and have changed the way people campaign, placing the emphasis more on the matters of style than on substances. These groups can give both negative and positive impacts. They can help to reach to many people, but can give a bad effect to certain people. Also the media spreads news and teach things. Also it can affect people by looking at things that they show and having their own opinion and view. Also the bad things about the media are that you cannot rely on it because not every single media group has the same point of view, they have different views and they can describe an issue or problem however they want. In conclusion, these three groups, political party, interest groups and lobbyist, and the media, play an important role in the American Political System but can give both negative and positive impacts to the people. But these groups can teach people and spread news even though they have negative impacts. In addition, they shape this country as the government listens to the people in the in the United States. Research Papers on Different Roles of Political Parties - Government EssayQuebec and CanadaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2PETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeTwilight of the UAW19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

US Cities Hit Most Often by Tropical Storms

US Cities Hit Most Often by Tropical Storms This list of the top 29 cities hit by hurricanes and tropical storms (1871-2004) is compiled from data presented by Hurricane City.  Check the web site for methodology. Data from 2005 not included. Cape Hatteras, NC (eastern - barrier islands)Hit every 2.53 years. Last hit by Alex in 2004.Delray Beach, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.36 years; located between Palm Beach and Miami. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Grand Isle, LA (southern - barrier islands)Hit every 2.68 years; the most affected area in Louisiana, it is about 50 miles south of New Orleans (as the crow flies). Affected by Tropical Storm Matthew in 2004.Ft Pierce, FL (eastern)Hit every 2.68 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Hollywood, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.68 years.Deerfield Beach, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.68 years. Touched by Frances in 2004.Boca Raton, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.68 years. Touched by both Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Florida City, FL (southern)Hit every 2.73 years. Most direct hurricane hits (21).Spring Hill, FL (Gulf)Hit every 2.73 years.Stuart, FL (eastern)Hit every 2.79 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Miami, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.79 years.Key West , FL (southern - barrier islands)Hit every 2.85 years. Number two on direct hurricane hits (20). Palm Beach, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.85 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Lake Worth, FL (southeasternHit every 2.85 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Ft. Lauderdale, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.85 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Elizabeth City, NC (northeastern)Hit every 2.85 years. Last hit by Charley in 2004.Jupiter, FL (southeastern)Hit every 2.91 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Morgan City, LA (southwestern)Hit every 2.85 years. Last affected by Tropical Storm Matthew in 2004.Ft. Walton, FL (panhandle)Hit every 3.05 years. Last hit by Ivan in 2004.Pensacola, FL (panhandle)Hit every 3.05 years. Last hit by Ivan in 2004.Key Largo, FL (southern - barrier islands)Hit every 3.05 years.Jacksonville, FL (northeastern)Hit every 3.05 years.Port Charlotte, FL (southwestern)Hit every 3.12 years. Last hit by Charley in 2004.Fort Myers, FL ({link urlhttp://maps.google.com/maps?qFortMyers,FLspn0.574893,0.952377thhlen]southwestern)Hit ev ery 3.12 years. Last hit by Charley in 2004. Destin, FL (panhandle)Hit every 3.12 years. Last hit by Ivan in 2004.Cedar Key, FL (north Gulf)Hit every 3.12 years. Last hit by Frances and Jeanne in 2004.Norfolk, VA (southeastern)Hit every 3.12 years. Last hit by Charley (as a tropical storm) in 2004.Naples, FL (southwestern)Hit every 3.19 years. Last brushed by Charley in 2004.Morehead City, NC (eastern)Hit every 3.27 years. Last hit by Alex Charley in 2004.

Contemporary Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Contemporary Cinema - Essay Example New roles are now defined with a working mother, a father and a child. The mother is no longer just a stay at home mom but she is now an equal bread winner (Coontz, 2000). Even though family roles have shifted considerably, the theme of childhood and family has remained fairly prevalent in movies over the years. What we see on screens is either what was, or what is in terms of family roles and behavior. Even the best of fiction needs a base on which to build upon. As Gillis (1996) observed, family life is the new form of entertainment in the modern world. All parts of family pervade the movie scene and it would seem that the modern script writer is always on the lookout for new stories to base a new movie on. It’s no longer debatable that the themes of family and childhood permeate contemporary film today. However, what is often not considered is just how much these themes permeate contemporary cinema. Inflation, urban sprawl and population increase in the early 1990s is what likely pushed stay at home moms to the market place (Dryden, 1999). This paradigm shift was also translated into film as seen in the introduction of working mothers as opposed to the stay at home mothers. The working class women betrayed the traditional loyalty to their husbands since they were no longer the sole bread winners. These women started to compete with their men on various family issues. Men felt a bruise on their egos and reacted with violence, as seen in The Burning Bed (1984). This marked the origin of domestic violence in cinemas. Marriages started to break up and children had to be raised by their step fathers and step mothers. These children were shown to lack proper guidance from their half parents and adopted bad behaviors and became violent as well. In 1996, the US government did a survey on the characteristics of the modern day family and the findings were grave. The research concluded that there had been serious anti-family downward

Racine County, Wisconsin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Racine County, Wisconsin - Research Paper Example Racism and discrimination are significant aspects of life of non-native Americans, and they have to deal with it in their daily lives. There is growing evidence that racism and discrimination are not only emotionally harmful, but are potentially damaging to non-native Americans. Increased research on this topic applying innovative approaches is beginning to reveal the negative impacts arising from racism and discrimination (Collins & Williams, 2001). Racism and discrimination have been associated with a number of health complications such as chronic respiratory, cardiovascular, and pain related health complications. Racism and discrimination affect a person’s health in a number of ways. Considering child development, impacts of negative environment that are linked with racism and segregation produce serious effects on the health and development of a child. Intergenerational and life-long impacts of racism and discrimination reveal that the health impacts of racism are carried forward within individuals and across generation (Anderson et al, 1997). Racine County, Wisconsin According, to the 2012 population estimates, the county of Racine was estimated to have 194, 797 people. Half of the population lives in the city of Racine and over 90% of the county’s population live in the eastern side of the county. The county has much of its population made of non-native Americans. ... Minorities in Racine are prone to health risks arising from racism and discrimination, which lead to stressors that are worsened by residential segregation. As a point of consideration, residential segregation impacts negatively on the health of minorities in a number of ways. Segregation puts minorities in regions that have limited human and financial resources. These areas are characterized by inadequate health care, inadequate healthy food, toxic living conditions, poor public education, poor housing conditions, increased disorder and crime as well as high rates of incarceration. The chance for the minorities to improve their health status is hindered by the fact they live in segregation. This comes with lack of access to jobs, lack of economic investment, poor schooling, and inadequate public services, which are all crucial in improving a person’s health (Baquet et al, 2005). Non-natives continue to face significant discrimination relative to the natives in both access to health care and the nature of care they receive from health facilities. Increasing evidence supports that non-natives residing in Racine receive low quality and intensity health care as opposed to their native counterparts (Williams, 2000). This is evident even in situations where the non-natives are insured just like the natives and have health issues similar to those of the natives. Factors that contribute to the disparity in access to health care between the natives and the non-natives include policies and practices within the health care system, the behavior of people working in the health sector, and the legal and regulatory framework under which the health sector operates. Other contributing factors include language barriers, lack of adequate insurance coverage, and

Analysing enterprise operations(individual case study report) Essay - 1

Analysing enterprise operations(individual case study report) - Essay Example This report analyses the flow of operations or processes using flow chart of an individual that is planning to go for vacations to Athens from Birmingham. In addition to this, the report identifies the key issues that could influence the trip of the individual as well as identifying bottlenecks that could influence the process. At the end of the report, recommendations have been given. This report is used to show how flow chart can be helpful in every day to day operations and decisions that an individual makes. As the report has been prepared using a case of an individual going for vacations from Birmingham to Athens therefore the main aims and objectives of the report are: Issues in any processes can halt the speed and successful accomplishment of that process. Therefore identification of key issues is important to make sure that the objective is achieved. The key issues that have been identified are: There are certain processes in different things whatever an individual or any organisation do which can pause the overall process and until this process or step is not solved, the operations cannot continue. These steps or blockages are called the ‘Bottlenecks’ (Schonberger, & Knod, 1991). The bottlenecks can stop or halt the process or operations and therefore it is important for anyone using flow chart to identify bottlenecks and try to reduce the impact of these bottlenecks so that the flow of the operations is fine. Bottlenecks are basically the blockages that can hurt the flow and therefore can increase the overall time of the operations than estimated (Schemenner, 1984). Bottlenecks in the process of vacation to Athens are finding the right time to go for vacations as this could halt the overall process. For instance, if the individual is an employee then he would need to get the approval of the employer for holidays and then finalise the dates of the trip. Similarly, other bottleneck of the process is of

Explain Gandhi's contention that external independence (swaraj) Essay

Explain Gandhi's contention that external independence (swaraj) depends upon internal swaraj. Do you think his reasoning is correct why or why not - Essay Example All citizens should enjoy the fruits of their labor and enjoy their human rights and freedoms (Singh 14). Gandhi’s thinking contention that external independence will depend on internal swaraj is correct. First and foremost, self-government ability should depend on internal strengths and ability to resist all odds. Political self-government which is not sustainable is not worth its name and thus external swaraj will be attained by attaining internal swaraj. According to Gandhi, internal swaraj forms the basis of civilization and internal strengths can only be maintained when the masses remain patriotic in achieving the national goals and good which are above any personal considerations such as personal profit. Gandhi is correct to assert that swaraj is an inclusive government but the majority should refrain from selfish and immoral acts since this can only spell anarchy. Internal swaraj is not based on any race or religious affiliations, or controlled by the moneyed men thus all citizens are able to unity and resist external pressures of colonization and achieve external independ ence (Parel 77). Gandhi’s thinking is correct since he clearly asserts that Indian swaraj is not based on any major community such as Hindus but rule of all people thus ensuring justice to all the citizens. Gandhi is correct since civilization should ensure public resources are safeguarded by ensuring morality in all public affairs, private undertaking and public undertakings. Internal swaraj will eliminate all violent acts and unify all the citizens in resisting the heaviest external odds and external control of their nation’s affairs. According to Gandhi, all citizens are entitled to amenities that are enjoyed by moneyed men but they are not necessary for happiness thus self-government should guarantee this amenities to all citizens. Through internal swaraj, Gandhi demonstrates that Indians can attain a healthy and dignified independence and nationalism spirit

Reflection and Journal Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection and Journal Article Review - Essay Example Although one could appreciate the wonders and benefits these technological gadgets could accord the aged, the applicability of these technology solutions are mostly availed only in developed countries. These unique products are not globally accessed due to the prohibitive costs and the diversity in health care provided to the elderly according to cultural orientations. I was made aware of the crucial importance relegated by the older population in terms of maintaining independence despite their age. The statement that reveals that â€Å"seniors fear moving into a nursing home and losing their independence more than death† is astounding. The various products thought to provide the aged with independence is perceived as a way to replace a loved one or a family member who is supposed to provide the needed care. In eastern culture, older people are not sent to nursing homes but are retained in the nuclear household with a family member to attend to their holistic needs. The reason , apart from economic, is the cultural value for extended family ties and filial piety. The practice stems from Confucianism and has been defined as including â€Å"the responsibility of each person to respect their parents, obey them, take care of them as they age, advise parents, and of course to love them. Loving one’s parents and offering them respect is the spring from which other forms of filial piety flows. A relationship with parents must be centered on love and respect† (Conjecture, 2011, par. 2). Therefore, technology is not openly embraced to replace the love and care that would be accorded by family members in times of need of the elderly family member. Further, the issues that were presented as a consequence of greater reliance to technology, particularly the fact the seniors are always apprehensive to use or try out new products and systems, should be addressed. Otherwise, these unique products would be deemed useless if the target market, for which they are supposed to protect, secure and maintain in safe and in good health condition, would be compromised by inefficient and unsupportively erroneous application. The essence is the use of technology should not replace the delivery of health care services that only committed people could provide. Article Review from Peer Reviewed Journal Summary The article entitled written by Dr. Ronald Klatz and published in the Generations, Journal of the American Society on Aging in 2002 presented issues of discovering anti-aging medicine in response to the projected continued increase of the aging population. The author presented the official definition of anti-aging medicine as â€Å"a medical specialty founded on the application of advanced scientific and medical technologies for the early detection, prevention, treatment, and reversal of age-related dysfunction, disorders, and diseases† (Klatz, 2002, 1). The continued research on this field of endeavor was revealed to encompass five key areas, to wit: genetic engineering, cloning, nanotechnology, artificial organs, and nerve impulse continuity (Klatz, 2002, 2). The benefits are revealed to be pronounced and consistent with modern health care issues.\ Critique The article presents another technological breakthrough aimed to focus not only on according longevity in life span, but also in improving the quality of the elders’ lives. There were initial apprehensions on supporting this kind of medical and technological breakthrough in terms of determining the repercussions to health care in general. But as trends in the aging populat

Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Management - Assignment Example Many research scholars still argue over creating cogent definition of strategic management. Various research scholars like Michael Porter, Philip Kotler, John Kotter, VA Zeithaml and many others successfully tried to create a theoretical framework of the concept but still their frameworks failed to create a universal theory of strategic management probably due to multidimensionality of the concept. Organizations use strategic initiatives in accordance with culture, leadership style, frequency of crisis and business objectives. Gray (1) has bifurcated strategic planning from strategic management and described two aspects in the following manner. ... Meyer (3) illustrated strategic management as process that helps top level management of the company to understand business objectives, future threat and opportunities; identifying suitable strategy to deal with these issues and taking control over external variables; creating direction to accomplish strategic objective of the organization. Nutt and Backoff (4) have modified the concept of Meyer. According to them strategic management actually combines short and long term planning of the organization in order to achieve organizational objectives like increasing profitability, increasing control over existing product portfolio, achieving high growth rate, expanding many business in foreign market, creating market entry barrier for competitors by increasing competency level (Tyndall, Cameron and Taggart, 1990, p. 9). Strategic management is a multidimensional concept and the study cannot cover all the aspects of strategic management. The study will focus on a particular concept of stra tegic management in order to create a cogent representation of assignment topic. This report will analyze Michael Porter’s generic competitive strategies from the view point of theoretical concept and real life application in order to understand functionality of the concept. 3.0 Michael Porter’s Generic Competitive Strategies In 1980, Michael Porter developed the basic strategic model for companies in order to achieve competitive advantage over competitors. He modified the concept into more confined model in 1985. Main agenda of the model is to help organizations to create a sustainable and not easy to copy strategy with which they can not only achieve competitive advantage over adversaries but also can build a sustainable

Reflection and Journal Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection and Journal Article Review - Essay Example Although one could appreciate the wonders and benefits these technological gadgets could accord the aged, the applicability of these technology solutions are mostly availed only in developed countries. These unique products are not globally accessed due to the prohibitive costs and the diversity in health care provided to the elderly according to cultural orientations. I was made aware of the crucial importance relegated by the older population in terms of maintaining independence despite their age. The statement that reveals that â€Å"seniors fear moving into a nursing home and losing their independence more than death† is astounding. The various products thought to provide the aged with independence is perceived as a way to replace a loved one or a family member who is supposed to provide the needed care. In eastern culture, older people are not sent to nursing homes but are retained in the nuclear household with a family member to attend to their holistic needs. The reason , apart from economic, is the cultural value for extended family ties and filial piety. The practice stems from Confucianism and has been defined as including â€Å"the responsibility of each person to respect their parents, obey them, take care of them as they age, advise parents, and of course to love them. Loving one’s parents and offering them respect is the spring from which other forms of filial piety flows. A relationship with parents must be centered on love and respect† (Conjecture, 2011, par. 2). Therefore, technology is not openly embraced to replace the love and care that would be accorded by family members in times of need of the elderly family member. Further, the issues that were presented as a consequence of greater reliance to technology, particularly the fact the seniors are always apprehensive to use or try out new products and systems, should be addressed. Otherwise, these unique products would be deemed useless if the target market, for which they are supposed to protect, secure and maintain in safe and in good health condition, would be compromised by inefficient and unsupportively erroneous application. The essence is the use of technology should not replace the delivery of health care services that only committed people could provide. Article Review from Peer Reviewed Journal Summary The article entitled written by Dr. Ronald Klatz and published in the Generations, Journal of the American Society on Aging in 2002 presented issues of discovering anti-aging medicine in response to the projected continued increase of the aging population. The author presented the official definition of anti-aging medicine as â€Å"a medical specialty founded on the application of advanced scientific and medical technologies for the early detection, prevention, treatment, and reversal of age-related dysfunction, disorders, and diseases† (Klatz, 2002, 1). The continued research on this field of endeavor was revealed to encompass five key areas, to wit: genetic engineering, cloning, nanotechnology, artificial organs, and nerve impulse continuity (Klatz, 2002, 2). The benefits are revealed to be pronounced and consistent with modern health care issues.\ Critique The article presents another technological breakthrough aimed to focus not only on according longevity in life span, but also in improving the quality of the elders’ lives. There were initial apprehensions on supporting this kind of medical and technological breakthrough in terms of determining the repercussions to health care in general. But as trends in the aging populat

Crooks Essay Example for Free

Crooks Essay Crooks as the biggest victim on the ranch discuss Monday 24th October 2011 In the novel ‘Of Mice and Men’ Steinbeck presents Crooks, the black stable-buck as the biggest victim on the ranch because of his race. Crooks is also the most damaged person, emotionally and physically. He has a crooked back and has begun to mimic the cruel and violent behaviour of the other men on the ranch. The impact of his loneliness also makes him push people away, leaving him even more lonely and segregated. The other men exclude Crooks because he is black. He is not allowed to go into the bunkhouse with all the white men because they are racist and follow the racist behaviour of segregation. It is clear that Steinbeck is critisising wider society through his description of Crooks. Crooks has his own room ‘had his bunk in the harness room’ he lives alone and is no more important than the animals symbolised by the nearness to the animals. He is alone all the time and gets lonely but never admits it because he is too proud. Steinbeck show’s the irony of Candy saying ‘must be nice to have a room all to your self’. When Lennie comes in to his room, Crooks has right to ask him to leave but instead acts as though he didn’t want Lennie to stay. He says – ‘come on in and set a while†¦long as you wont get out and leave me alone. ’ The ellipsis’ show his hesitation after he admitted he wants the company he realizes and changed it around to say he wants to be alone. This is so Crooks can maintain his pride and his dignity. He his so lonely that he admits to Lennie – ‘just a guy talking to another guy doesn’t matter if he understands. ’ This tells us Crooks is happy talking to Lennie even though Lennie does not understand most of the things Crooks is saying. It is the company and the talking to another human that matters to him. Steinbeck also adds that Crooks ‘reads a lot’. Steinbeck implies that even though Crooks is treated badly he could be the most educated worker on the ranch has a better understanding of things than most of the other men and is wiser because he is older and has seen more things. Also he has a ‘Californian Civil Code’ book, because he has this book and reads it often he knows a lot about the laws of discrimination in different areas. He is interested in is rights as a black man unfortunately, despite his knowledge Crooks is unable to change anything. Slim is the only man who treats Crooks sympathetically. He respects Crooks more and talks to him some times. Slim is ‘kind’ and ‘is a good listener’ but Slim and Crooks are the opposite- Slim is respected and has power whereas Crooks is disrespected and beaten by the men because of the colour of his skin. Slim is a ‘tall man’ who is ‘capable of killing a fly on the wheelers butt without touching the mule’ but Crooks was just a ‘stable buck, nigger with a ‘crooked back’. Through this contrast, Steinbeck provokes pathos about Crooks’ life. Ironically, even Slim is effected by the hardship on the ranch casually drowns four pups. Steinbeck depicts Crooks as the most physically damaged person on the ranch. One of the reasons for this is that the white men beat Crooks, just because he was black. The boss uses Crooks to let his anger out – ‘the boss gives him hell when he’s mad. ’ Even though the boss hired Crooks to do a job he beats him when he is angry, this shows Crooks is of a low status on the ranch and that he matters the least. The men are also very cruel to Crooks when they say ‘ Jesus we had fun. They are referring to a time when they beat Crooks. This is very cruel he had no way of defending himself by fighting back because he has a crooked back and is much weaker he also has no one on his side. What is more brutal is that they did it just for pleasure this suggests that the ranch is corrupting everyone. Steinbeck warns us of the consequences of brutality in the wider world. Furthermore the cruelty Crooks faces made him cruel to Lennie when he says – ‘I don’t blame the guy you travel with for keeping you outta sight. ’ and ‘what if he don’t come back. Crooks wants to frighten Lennie and is clearly jealous of the companionship he has with George. When ‘Crooks face lightened with pleasure in his torture’ it shows that Crooks has learnt from the other men how to be cruel. This is also another way he has been damaged emotionally by the ranch because most of the men become cruel and it is a violent world where only the fittest will survive. Crooks wishes that he could have what George and Lennie have so he gets dragged in to the dream against his better judgment – ‘Never a god dammed one of em gets it just like hea ven. Here is Crooks talks about men trying to get land for themselves. He does not believe in God because his life has been so bad that there cannot be a God but he still equates land with heaven. Crooks is lonely and has a room to himself on the ranch and in it there were ‘hung broken harness strips in process of being mended, strips of new leather. ’ Ironically ’Being a stable buck he was more permanent than other men’ His permanency does not give him status he is all alone and unlike the bunk house where games are played in the evenings his room is filled with work objects so he would not get much time to relax or rest. Also in his room is ‘a range of medicine bottles for himself and the horses. ’ This is another example of him being no more important that the animals and also part of the discrimination against him. Steinbeck depicts Crooks as a victim by the description of his physical appearance. – ‘His body was bent over to the left by his Crooked spine’ His lean face was lined with deep wrinkles, and he had thin, pain-tightened lips which were paler than his face. ’ His body is bent over because a horse has kicked him on the ranch so the ranch damages him physically. His lined face shows the evidence of the brutality of the ranch, he is older and weaker because of the hard work he has done and his thin, pain-tightened lips show the pain he is in. yet he still has to work everyday and he tries to soothe the pain by repeatedly applying liniment to his back. This reminds us of his pain – ‘he poured his liniment into his pink palmed hand. ’ Although Crooks is damaged by the ranch and has no status, he is a very proud, dignified man who wants people to respect the few rights he has, ‘you got no right to come in here’ he said to Lennie because his room was the only thing people has respect. He has read about black rights, he is interested in what rights he could have in other places. Although Crooks had the right to ban Candy and Lennie from his room the desire for company overrode this. He was happy to have the company of the two men, ‘well, why’n’t you kick ‘em out? ’ ‘I di’nt care much’. Steinbeck makes us sympathise with Crooks as he is presented as the biggest victim on the ranch because he is damaged mentally, physically and emotionally. Steinbeck also makes us sympathise with Crooks because he is lonely and how he is lonely from the isolation from the other men.

Ethical issues in Monsters Inc.

Ethical issues in Monsters Inc. The movie Monsters Inc. tells us about the minor world that includes humans are living their life without any little knowledge about the other side of the world. This is the world where even a single child knows the exit and then the place is incorporates real monsters in the closet. The world of monsters is quite different from the human world. The first difference is related to the scary monsters have made the land dense with its population. Therefore, electricity which is generated through geothermal, solar, or fossil fuels etc. was produced by exploiting the power of children’s screams. The monster world is facing a severe energy crisis due to the fact that children are getting less sensitive to the scare tactics of monsters due to the productions demonstrated in games, video games, and television. Business Portrayal of Monster, Inc. The business world at Monsters Inc. is depicted basically in a positive light. The adversary in the film was not stretched out to incorporate Monsters Inc. in general however rather was depicted as character blemishes in the identities of two monsters. At Monsters Inc., representatives are reasonably joyful. This is portrayed throughout the morning get-together where representatives cheerfully welcome one another and also talks in an energized way about the other days work. There are sufficient precautions set up to ensure the wellbeing of the workers. For example, the Child Detection Agency (CDA) is a SWAT-like group that assembles at whatever point there is a reported locating of human world items like toys, attire, or real youngsters, spanning the dimensional crevice and entering the world of monsters. Human articles or kids are considered to a great degree lethal and perilous (Anderson, 2001). The CDA is in charge of catching all unworldly protests and detoxifying all beasts that have come into contact with such objects. Furthermore, due to the mechanical supplies used to bring kids doors to the monster world, employees are obliged to wear hard caps for assurance if there should be an occurrence of the malfunctioning of an equipment. The last case displayed to depict the business world as positive is that of the satisfactory break structure and work plan. Workers work throughout ordinary daytime business hours, are given time off for lunch breaks, and are left at their recreation to appreciate evening exercises, for example, participating in dates, going out to supper, or for the relaxation at home. Ethical considerations and policies Ethical Issue # 1 The first ethical issue that is observed in this particular film is related to the generation of energy at Monster, Inc. Just like humans, monster enjoy utilizing electricity at their houses for various uses like watching televisions and to power lights. But the only difference that is found in this scenario is that in the human world the generation of power is carried out through deforestation and coal mining where deforestation has dangerous and devastating after effects on species that live in that particular area. The monster world generates power through the after effects of screams of children. However, it can be said that this is one of the serious concerns for disturbing the emotional condition of children while being unethical to them. Many other ways of doing so can be discovered and the Research and Development team is the one to do so. Their motto, ‘’we scare because we care’’ can be seen as they really care for the audience but they are doing t hem for their own self-interest. This is what also witnessed in the human world as well. This is specifically related to the corporate social responsibility. The utilitarianism approach should be adopted here which states that there is a dire need to maximize usefulness and eradicate any sort of misuse that damages or expose an unethical behavior and attitude towards the public. According to me, the employees in the RD department should be encouraged to find out some new improved ways to generate power without being unfavorable to the children and public. The issue was resolved through the discovery that laughter generates more power than the current scream tactic. This was found when a human child named as Boo slips through the door opened up by the monster Sully. Sully has already brought Boo home and so, he is not in any sort of trouble due to the fact that the employers of Monster Inc. had created some sort of panic in the mind of employees that children are extremely toxic to t hem. When Boo laughs, there was a great surge of power at his home. So, this shows that employees can also be encouraged to discover new ways to continue the business in an appropriate and ethical manner. If the company promotes employee voice of concern then employees can voice their views in this regard Ethical Issue # 2 The culture of fear introduced by the head of the company, Mr. Waternoose by discovering the Child Detection Agency in order to remove toxicity caused by the children. However, this was not the case at all. The head of this particular company was preventing the employees from forming any sort of associatio (Cahill, 2010)ns with the children. The head of the company is not following the Teleological theory of ethics as he does not focus much on the consequences of his actions which are totally unethical . The employees are always in a state of fear and anxiety as soon as they learn about the children being close to them but they are not toxic at all because of the fact that when the child enters Mr. Waternoose’s sight, he picked him up. The culture of the company emulated by the attitude of the employees was getting disturbed by this particular scenario. Mr. Waternoose should have thought about its employees for not creating any sort of instability in the work environment throu gh the creation of this culture. It is always necessary to maintain the culture of any particular company in order to make an organization a great workplace for its employees. More than that, after watching this film, the employees should be trained to not act accordingly as long as they have not witnessed the same thing in general. Only then, they can persuade themselves to believe and act accordingly. In this case, the employees haven’t experienced any sort of toxicity until they found out themselves due to the floating toys from human world to the monster world. Ethical Issue # 3 Mr. Waternoose values company first which is a good thing to maximize profit but it should be done in an ethical manner. This is already proved by the excerpts that Mr. Waternoose comments on the well-being of his company by saying that this company has been in his family for three generations and that he would do anything to maintain the continuity of his business. However, the CEO was recorded to have said that he will kidnap a thousand children before letting his company die and that he will not tolerate anyone if anyone comes in his way. This gives us an unethical approach towards the adoption of scare tactics because it was sole responsibility of his company to generate electricity and it can also be considered as an act of self-interest as the CEO can use the same tactic for his personal home use. Other Ethical Issues The other more minor moral issues depicted incorporated the violation of business strategies in light of the fact that you were asked by a companion or sentimental interest as seen by the various workers that damage the approach in regards to the harmfulness of youngsters when asked by the loveable creature Sully. An alternate business moral issue introduced was the real trick of the inconvenient impacts of innovative research and developmental initiatives that led to the astray causing detrimental effects to research subjects. In the film, the two misguided creatures were the CEO and Randall. Together these workers occupied with exploration amazingly risky to youngsters, however felt their activities were supported due to the severity of energy crisis. Conclusion The film Monsters, Inc. is focused around an electric organization in the monstrous world. The organization, Monsters, Inc. produces power for their city through screams of youngsters and refining the shouts into clean vitality to run the city. Also like any organization in any sort of world, beast or human, things need to run easily. Numerous things need to fall into spot for an organization or business to get fruitful and acquire gainfulness. Certain assets need to be utilized, human assets need to be given careful consideration to, and an aggressive environment is required for an organization to run quick and proficient. The four separate elements of generation the shouts as common assets, the processing plant and refineries as capital, the scaring and different laborers as work, and Mr. Waternoose as the ambitious person who began the organization. Monster, Inc. transforms clean energy from the shouts of little kids for all of Monstropolis and its monsters. The treatment of any organizations human assets incredibly influences its benefit, which is the reason it is something that needs to be given careful consideration to. In the event that an organization disregards their laborers, the workers may feel ignored and rebel against the employers. An effective productivity of the organization enormously lessened reflecting the breach of human code of conduct and whole scare floors must be closed down, and in view of this the motivation and encourage to work in such an environment lessened due to the reduction in their morale. The most productive use of natural resource is laughter of children. At the point when boo got away through her wardrobe into Monstropolis Mike and Sully needed to conceal her from the CDA. To keep boo from hollering, Mike needed to make her laugh, however when she did giggle, the power would go haywire and things would short out. The thought of competition is communicated all through the film by staying informed of the amount of scare points handled by every monster, and each creature needed to have the highest scare points in light of the fact that they then would get prevalent around the monstrous world. References Anderson, D. K. (Producer), Doctor, P. (Director). (2001). Monstern, Inc [Motion Picture]. Cahill, L. S. (2010). TELEOLOGY AND UTILITARIANISM ETHICS. Retrieved from http://www.ts.mu.edu/readers/content/pdf/42/42.4/42.4.4.pdf

The Last Wave :: essays research papers

The Last Wave SOC 118 "The Last Wave"-Peter Weir dir.(1977) In the film, The Last Wave, the director is trying to communicate the idea of a culture within a culture or sub culture. The dominant culture in the film is the white members of society living in Australia. The subculture in the film is the Aborigines who were natives to the land before the white people settled in Australia. The natives sustained their cultural beliefs and ideologies while living in largely populated cities. The dominant white culture imposes their laws , ideas of societal values and moral beliefs on the native Aborigines. Forcing them to abide by a different law system and way of life than what their peoples have practiced for hundreds of years. In the movie the lawyer, David, represents the dominant culture to the Aborigines because he represents the law that is controlling their fate in the white culture. The director is also giving us many symbols or visual communication such as the consistency of water in the film as well as, the overbearing control of darkness. The film is shot in shadows and overall is very dark , almost forcing us to look beyond the obvious plot and storyline and into the meaning or what the film/director is trying to tell us. The darkness in the film can be seen as unconsciousness. It can also be seen as a prediction of the darkness that will occur in the world when the last wave comes. The last wave meaning a giant tidal wave that will cover the earth , killing humanity. This idea is similar to the Christian belief in the flood that was sent down centuries ago to destroy all the evil in the world. Also, all the modern aspects of the movie (courtroom, David's office..etc) are filmed in light. While, all of the Aborigines' scenes are filmed in darkness or shadows. Giving me the impression of something mysterious or not understood by the whites concerning the Aborigines. The fact that all the modern scenes are filmed in light can also support the idea of the white culture being the predominate culture in the film but yet not dominant enough to take away the shadows(mysterious , mystical)aspect of the Aborigines. The lawyer, David, Also goes through a series of dreams and premonitions. This is stressing the idea of mind power and mystical strength that the Aborigines have. In that way they can be seen as the dominant culture. David is stuck between two worlds. The world he knows and understands and the other world that he is definitely a part of but does not understand.

Anglo American Economic Geography Essay -- economics,

Discuss the intellectual history of Anglo American economic geography since the 2nd world war. Economic concepts have often been used as the foundation for geographic theory; showing a relationship between the two. When the field of economics evolves then so too does the field of economic geography. Economic geography is defined as: a field of geography that helps to describe and explain the areas where economic activities are carried out. It is centered around helping to explain the production and distribution of commodities and how resources are to be allocated and the consequences (Barnes 2009). The Second World War ceased in 1945 and after this the economies of both America and the UK changed rapidly. These economies passed through different systems; Keynesian, Marxian, Neoliberalism, and mixed an economy (Bonney 1995). This in turn meant that economic geography passed through different stages too, with the most significant change occurring directly after the war; the start of the quantitative revolution. The way that the field of economic geography changes has implication s on how the field as a whole is viewed. One of the main points is the interconnectivity with the economy; this also shows how the economy is viewed. Each period has a moment of emergence rapid efflorescence and a period of decline. To understand how economic geography has changed over the last fifty years, a brief explanation of the state of the economy should be covered Directly after the war the US economy was in a state of strong economic growth due to consumers demand increasing, this was due to there being few opportunities to consume at a desired level during the war. The US held 95% of the worlds manufacturing helping it to recover more quick... ...mic Geography. In: Leyson, A., Lee, R., Mcdowell, L. and Sunley, P. eds. 2011. The SAGE Handbook of Economic Geography. London: SAGE Publications. Bonney, R. (1995). Economic systems and state finance. Oxford [England]: Clarendon Press. Hardon, J. A. (2003). The Influence of Marxism in the United States Today. [online] Available at: http://www.therealpresence.org/archives/Communism/Communism_002.htm [Accessed: 21 Feb 2014]. Scott, A. J. (2000). Economic geography: the great half-century. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 24 (4), pp. 483 - 504. Trainer, T. (2010). MARXIST THEORY; A brief Introduction. [online] Available at: https://socialsciences.arts.unsw.edu.au/tsw/Marx.html [Accessed: 21 Feb 2014]. WiseGEEK. (2010). What Is Keynesian Economics?. [online] Available at: http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-keynesian-economics.htm [Accessed: 21 Feb 2014].

Post Sigmoid Coletomy Care

This paper will critically examine the care needs and management of Mr Braun. An appropriate framework will be used, namely the ABCDE. Alternative treatment will be analysed using the 5 WHs critical decision making too (Jasper, 2006)l. His care will be based upon the nursing process ensuring that patient outcomes are agreed, implemented and evaluated. The assessment framework to be used is this assessment is the ABCDE assessment framework. The ABCDE framework looks at Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure/Elimination.The reason for choosing this framework is that it uses a systematic method of assessing, it aids with elimination of post op complications. In addition, it is a commonly accepted framework which is widely used and can be used in critical care situations, pre & post-operative care and emergency situations. Furthermore, it allows the nurse to use her skills in accessing the patient’s needs. The disadvantages of the framework are that it is a medic al model in the sense that it looks specifically at the biological aspects of care and lumps emotional/psychological/cultural/social care under the exposure/elimination catergory.Therefore it does not promote exploring these issues in great detail (Younker, 2008 & Hargan 2012) Cancer Physiology Bowel cancer normally starts in the rectum or sigmoid colon. It starts as adematous polyps and then progresses to adematous carcinomas. It spreads by direct extension via the bowel circumference, submucousa and outer bowel wall layers. It can also spread to other areas by direct extension, for example, to the liver, pancreas and spleen. Metastasis is normally by way of the surround lymphnodes.Primary cancerous cells can also travel into the lymphatic and circulatory system causing secondary cancer in other organs such as liver and pancreas (LeMone & Burke, 2003). Mr Braun is undergoing an operation for his sigmoid colon cancer. One route to take would be the traditional method. This consists of open bowel surgery. This entails making a large opening. A bowel prep is given prior to surgery, there is a longer starvation process, which can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Furthermore, it causes stress on the body, insulin resistance in the body is longer and the recovery period is longer.In addition it causes longer paralytic ileus (Siddiqui et al. , 2012). The alternative treatment to the traditional method would be the laparoscopic method. Mr Braun would have a smaller incision, therefore making a quicker recovery. He would be in less pain and would be able to mobilise quicker. He would have a quicker return of GI function and a lesser period of paralytic ileus. He would be able to deep breath better as he would not be experiencing a lot of pain, therefore he would be at less risk of contracting a chest infection.This would all work towards him having an earlier discharge, for example, 3-5 days post op compared to anywhere between 8-12 days on the traditional method. Research has also shown that community rehabilitation is much quicker, 2-3 weeks rather than 6-8 weeks on the traditional method (Jenson 2011). Further research shows that patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery have fewer complications post discharge (Hargan 2012). It appears then the laparoscopic route has better outcomes for the patient and in addition, the NHS.Being able to discharge a patient between 3-5 days who experience fewer complications post operatively not only frees up beds but costs less to treat the patient. Therefore, after weighing up the pros and the cons of both the traditional and the laparscopic it would seem that Mr Braun would be better off having the laparoscopic route. It appears from research that the lapascopic route is the route which is used in almost 90% of colorectal surgery. However, the route that is taken ultimately depends on the surgeon’s choice. Prior to collecting the patient from the recovery roomBefore collecting Mr Braun fro m the recovery room I will need to check the bed area. This includes checking that the oxygen is working. I will need to ensure that there is a nasal tube and a venturi mask. I will also need to check the suction is working and ensure that a new tube is present by the bedside. I will also need to make there is a yonker. I will put a dynamap beside the bed which will allow me to take Mr Braun’s clinical observations on return to the ward. I will also ensure that a drip stand is next to the bed as he may be on fluids or have a PCA on his return to the ward (Nicol et al. 2012).Collecting the patient from the recovery room On collecting the patient from recovery, I will take with me a kidney bowel in case the patient needs to be sick on his return journey, a pair of gloves, a oropharyngeal (geudel) airway in case his airway becomes compromised in anyway and a pocket mask for mouth to mouth. My first priority is to ensure that Mr Braun is safe to return to the ward. I will check h is level of consciousness using the AVPU tool. This tool looks at whether he is Alert, whether he responds to Voice or whether he only responds to Pain and whether he is Unconscious. I will then take a handover from the recovery nurse.This should include informing me of the procedure Mr Braun has had, how well he has responded to the surgery and his current responsiveness/consciousness level. I would need to check with the recovery nurse whether his vital signs are within the normal range. This is for patient safety which is paramount and is at the centre of nursing care. This would need to be checked against the Early Warning Score (EWS) system which includes level of consciousness, the physiological parameters, for example, temperature, blood pressure, Oxygen saturation (SATS), respiratory rate, pulse and urine output.The EWS gives an overall score which informs me whether or not it is safe to take Mr Braun back to the ward. The recovery nurse would also inform me which medication s he has had, information regarding IV fluids, how long they should run for and whether more are needed when it finishes and check they are written up on the drug chart. In addition, I would need to see the wound bed. This would help with later assessment on the ward where I would be able to compare whether there has been any further bleeding or leakage. I would need to see the stoma site.The recovery nurse would inform me whether Mr Braun had a urinary catheter and whether there had been any urine output. After handover I would say hello to the patient and manually take his pulse so that I can get an indication of his heart rate (Nicol et al. 2012). On the ward On returning to the ward I will orientate the patient. I will inform him of every procedure that I do so that I can gain informed consent (NMC 2012). I will immediately carry out a set of clinical observations. This is so I can make a comparison with his perioperative baseline.Although doing the clinical observations with th e dynamap, I will manually take his pulse as it is vital that I know whether it is regular/irregular, strong or weak. ABCDE Assessment Airway The best way to check the airway is to speak to ask the patient and get him to respond to you. If he is able to talk in normally, this will be indicative of his airway being patent. I would need to listen to whether there are any sounds, like barking or gurgling as this could indicate that there is partial obstruction.I would also need to check whether Mr Braun is experiencing any nausea or vomiting. If Mr Braun is experiencing this I would need to immediately administer an anti-emetic as per drug chart instruction. This would help prevent the risk of pulmonary aspiration. I would also need to check whether Mr Braun has any allergies. I would ensure that he is wearing two red wrist bands with the allergies clearly written on them so that other staff members are aware. His allergies would be documented in his nursing notes and on his drug chart with information on what sort of reaction he experiences.Assessing whether Mr Braun has any allergies is extremely important as allergic reactions can cause swelling of the tongue and in the throat which would compromise his airway and leave him with difficulties breathing (Resuscitation Council UK, 2012). Breathing I would now assess breathing by checking Mr Braun’s respiratory rate (RR). The normal range is between 12-20 breaths per minute. In PAC, his RR was slightly raised. This could have been due to anxiety but was more than likely due to his anaemia (this will be looked at further under circulation). I will be able to gain a comparison and start looking for a trend.It is important that the RR is counted for a full minute. His breathing may be irregular and therefore not counting the full minute would give an inaccurate measurement. I would also check Mr Braun’s SATS. The normal range should be >95%. Checking his SATS will inform me whether he is getting enough oxygen and whether his tissues are being perfused adequately. Lack of oxygen can cause hypoxia which if not managed will lead to multiple organ dysfunction and ultimately death. I will also therefor check for cyanosis as this will also inform me whether he is lacking oxygen. It is important to look at how Mr Braun is breathing.For example, is he struggling to breath, is he breathing deeply or is it shallow. Does he have to use his accessory muscles to help him breath. I would check whether his chest is rising equally on both sides. I would also speak as him a question to ascertain whether he is able to speak in full sentences because someone who is struggling to breathe is unable to speak in full sentences. I would look at whether he is breathing fast or slow. Furthermore, I would look at how he is sitting, for example, is he leaning to one side. Also when you are assessing breathing it is important to listen for any wheeze or stridor.RR is one of the first things to alter when a pa tient is deteriorating. It is vital that if Mr Braun is experiencing any of the above, the nurse responds quickly. The first thing would be to check whether he is written up for any more oxygen and if so to increase it. The nurse would then have to check in RR and SATS again after 15 minutes to ascertain whether there was any improvement or further deterioration even. If the patient was deteriorating further the nurse would need to involve the doctor who would be able to review Mr Braun immediately and give further instructions on his care (Queen Mary University & City University, 2006).Circulation An assessment of Mr Braun’s pulse needs to be undertaken. This will allow the nurse to ascertain his heart rate. In addition, it would allow me to feel whether his pulse is strong or weak and whether it is regular or irregular. The normal resting pulse should be between 60-80 beats per minute (bpm). In the PAC, Mr Braun was slightly tachycardic, which could be due to anxiety of his diagnosis, hearing about the treatment he would receive or his prognosis. By taking his pulse it will allow for a baseline, pre-operative and peri-operative comparison.His blood pressure (BP) would also be assessed. The normal ranges are 90/60-140/90. Mr Braun’s BP in PAC was 135/80. Although this is still within the normal range, it is slightly high. However, this would be an appropriate BP given his age. It is vital that clinical observations are carried out every 15 minutes for the first two hours post-op as there is a higher risk of complications occurring and clinical signs are the physiological parameters which tell you whether a patient is deteriorating or improving.For example, if a patient is tachycardic and hypotensive this could be indicative of hypovolaemic shock which would need to be managed immediately as this can lead to potential death. It is vital when taking clinical observations that the nurse is aware that she should not only rely on the measurements. Th is is because a patient can be in hypovolaemic shock and still have a normal BP. This is because in hypovolaemic shock, the compensatory mechanisms take over and the body will do everything it can to keep the BP at normal level.Therefore, it is vital that the nurse also observes what the patient looks like, for example, does he look palor, he is sweaty or clammy. These are all important factors when carry out clinical observations. When a patient undergoes surgery he has enforced reduced mobility. Mr Braun will be in bed for a while and due to these factors is therefore at risk of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), which is one of the highest cause of PE leading to hospital deaths. The nurse should check whether he still has his TED stockings on and check that they are not rolled down or creased as this may prevent them from achieving good prophylaxis.Furthermore it could compromise his skin integrity. Mr Braun will probably also be prescribed oral or subcutaneous anticoagulants as a furth er prevention of DVT. Mr Braun’s Hb levels should be checked to ensure that his anaemia is improving. If Mr Braun was assessed in PAC as having met the criteria, which is expected to make a good recovery, for the ERP, his anaemia would have been dealt with prior to him being admitted. He would have been assessed for any co-morbidities and his GP would have been involved to treat his anaemia.If his anaemia had not been treated, prior to his admission, it is likely that Mr Braun would have undergone a blood transfusion during surgery. This would mean that he would have a cannula in situ which would need to be assessed to check for phlebitis. This would need to be documented on the VIP chart (Hargan 2012). The cannula needs to be checked to ascertain whether it is patent. The date of insertion should also be noted on the VIP chart as it is not allowed to stay in for longer than 72 hours. Mr Braun will also have a catheter in situ. Therefore it is important to check for urine out put.Mr Braun should have a urine output of 0. 5ml/kg/hr, in other words half his body weight per hour. Therefore if Mr Braun weighs 80kg, he should have a urine output of 40mls per hour. If going through the traditional method, Mr Braun would have to have a low residue diet approx. 2 days prior to the operation. He would only be allowed clear fluids approximately 12-18 hours before surgery and would then be starved from the midnight before the day of surgery to prevent aspiration. Research has shown that prolonged starvation causes dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.It causes the body to experience insulin resistance for longer and cause the body more stress (Burch & Slater 2012). In contrast, he would have been given carbohydrate loading prior to surgery in the form of iso-osmolarity which 90% passes through the stomach within 90 minutes therefore he would have been able to have it one and a half hours prior to surgery. This would cause less insulin resistance and put his body t hrough less stress. He would be able to come off any IV fluids as he would be encourage to eat and drink at will post operatively.